2016年10月5日 星期三

Dog-whistle politics

美國大選已進入最後倒數階段,你是否想要更瞭解美國的選舉呢?AIT邀請你和來自華盛頓的作家兼記者查克‧麥考奇恩 (Chuck McCutcheon),一同透過我們的「選舉英文」影片系列,學習更多的選舉英文用語。#ElectionEnglish #Elections2016
Are you interested in learning more about the U.S. Election? Join AIT in learning "Election English" in a video series with author and journalist Chuck McCutcheon.




Wikipedia
狗哨政治Dog-whistle Politics),也稱使用隱語,指一種政治手段或政治演講,在看似面向普通大眾的一般信息中加入針對特殊人群的隱性信息。該詞條為貶義,描述故意提供有暗含意圖的信息,也可用於描述有爭議的雙重含義或類似企圖。詞語源於用來喚狗的高音頻哨子,該頻率的聲音人類無法聽到。

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dog-whistle politics is political messaging employing coded language that appears to mean one thing to the general population but has an additional, different or more specific resonance for a targeted subgroup. The phrase is often used as a pejorative because of the inherently deceptive nature of the practice and because the dog-whistle messages are frequently distasteful to the general populace. The analogy is to a dog whistle, whose high-frequency whistle is heard by dogs but inaudible to humans.
The term can be distinguished from "code words" used in some specialist professions, in that dog-whistling is specific to the political realm. The messaging referred to as the dog-whistle has an understandable meaning for a general audience, rather than being incomprehensible.

Origin and meaning[edit]

According to William Safire, the term "dog whistle" in reference to politics may have been derived from its use in the field of opinion polling. Safire quotes Richard Morin, director of polling for The Washington Post, as writing in 1988, "subtle changes in question-wording sometimes produce remarkably different results.... researchers call this the 'Dog Whistle Effect': Respondents hear something in the question that researchers do not", and speculates that campaign workers adapted the phrase from political pollsters.[1]

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