napalm, Molotov cocktail 1940, hell cannon 2013

Improvised weapons have a long and bloody history, from the Irish shillelagh to the Molotov cocktail. Their modern equivalents, such as the hell cannons of Aleppo, are far deadlier

Commercially available kit spurs a new arms race

Makeshift weapons are becoming more dangerous with highly sophisticated, commercially available kit

ECON.ST

Hell's kitchens

The Economist‎ - 1 day ago

THE “hell cannons” of Aleppo pack a deadly punch. Cobbled together in Syria by militant ...

The hell cannon (Arabic: مدفع جهنم) is a general name used to describe a class of mortar-like improvised firearms in-use by insurgent forces during the Syrian Civil War, mainly in the Aleppo area. It was first noted in 2013 and a number of home-made cannon variants have appeared in Syria since.

Improvised artillery in the Syrian Civil War - Wikipedia, the free ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Improvised_artillery_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War

This picture of nine-year-old Phan Thi Kim Phuc - a young girl, running naked and terrified down the road after a napalm attack - became one of the most iconic images of the Vietnam War. (Credit: AP)
to napalm people who were resisting US....

First came the removal of the Pulitzer Prize-winning photograph by Nick Ut of a girl fleeing napalm in Vietnam, posted on the page of a Norwegian journalist. 

napalm

n. a highly flammable sticky jelly used in incendiary bombs and flamethrowers, consisting of gasoline thickened with special soaps.
v.
attack with bombs containing napalm.
Etymology: 1940s: from na (phthenic) and palm(itic acid).
See the Introduction, Abbreviations and Pronunciation for further details.

• [néipɑːm]

[名][U]《軍事》ナパーム

a napalm bomb
ナパーム弾.

━━[動](他)…をナパーム弾［火炎放射器］で攻撃する.

［naphthaleneとpalmitic acid］

凝固汽油彈（英語：napalm）是幾種武器用途的可燃液體之總稱，大多以膠狀汽油為主成份。準確地說，「napalm」一詞字面上指的是凝固汽油彈中用來與汽油混合以產生膠質燃劑的黏稠劑成份。此詞是由它的研發者─路易·菲塞（Louis Frederick Fieser）所領導的哈佛大學化學家團隊所命名，是naphthene（環烷烴）的鋁鹽與palmitic acid（棕櫚酸）的混成詞，製造凝固汽油彈時會將這兩種成份加入可燃物質使其膠質化^[1]。1940s: from na(phthenic) and palm(itic acid).

凝固汽油彈早期主要被用來攻擊建築物，之後演變為對人員殺傷用武器，其主要通過黏附在人員表面持續燃燒來造成傷害。

Napalm is a flammable liquid used in warfare. It is a mixture of a gelling agent, and either petroleum or a similar fuel. It was initially used as an incendiary device against buildings and later primarily as an anti-personnel weapon, as it sticks to skin and causes severe burns when on fire.

Napalm - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napalm

Molotov cocktail

mɒlətɒfˈkɒkteɪl/

noun

1. a crude incendiary device typically consisting of a bottle filled with flammable liquid and with a means of ignition.

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Molotov cocktail - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molotov_cocktail

A Molotov cocktail is a breakable glass bottle containing a flammable substance such as petrol or a napalm-like mixture, with some motor oil added, and usually a source of ignition such as a burning cloth wick held in place by the bottle's stopper. The wick is usually soaked in alcohol or kerosene, rather than petrol.

‎Firebombing - ‎No. 73 Grenade - ‎Urban guerrilla warfare - ‎Match